Adjective: having the nap worn off so as to lay bare the threads of the warp and woof, as a fabric, garment, etc; wearing threadbare clothes; shabby or poor; meager, scanty, or poor; hackneyed; trite; ineffectively stale.
Synonyms: faded, ratty, scruffy, shabby, shopworn, tacky, tattered, beat up, damaged, dilapidated, dingy, dog-eared, down-at-the-heel, frowzy, impaired, injured, old.
Antonyms: fresh, new, unused, unworn.
2. Rebuff [noun ri-buhf, ree-buhf; verb ri-buhf]
Noun: a blunt or abrupt rejection, as of a person making advances; a peremptory refusal of a request, offer, etc.; snub; a check to action or progress.
Synonyms: rebuke, rejection, reprimand, snub, check, cut, defeat, denial, discouragement, insult, nix, opposition, refusal, repulse, slight, turndown, brushoff, cold shoulder, go-by, hard time.
Antonyms: praise, approval, compliment, inclusion.
3. Perplex [per-pleks]
Verb: to cause to be puzzled or bewildered over what is not understood or certain; confuse mentally; to make complicated or confused, as a matter or question; to hamper with complications, confusion, or uncertainty.
Synonyms: baffling, complicated, confusing, convoluted, disconcerting, knotty, mysterious, mystifying, puzzling, thorny, worrying, involved, taxing, beyond one, impenetrable, intricate.
Antonyms: clear, easy, simple, straightforward.
Example: The collegium, ever since its inception, following the Supreme Court’s judgment in what is known as the Second Judges Case (1993) has been enveloped by a sense of the hugger-mugger.
4. Hugger-mugger [huhg-er-muhg-er]
Noun: disorder or confusion; muddle; secrecy; reticence.
Adjective: secret or clandestine; disorderly or confused.
Verb: to keep secret or concealed; hush up.
Synonyms: clandestine, covert, hush-hush, intriguing, mysterious, quiet, secret, sly, sneaky, stealthy, surreptitious, undercover.
Antonym: aboveboard.
Example: The present revelations, much opposed to their perceived objective, scarcely make the system more transparent.
5. Scarcely [skairs-lee]
Adverb: barely; hardly; not quite; definitely not; probably not.
Synonyms: hardly, rarely, seldom, just, imperceptibly, infrequently, just barely, only just, scantily, slightly.
Antonyms: frequently, adequately, commonly, sufficiently.
Example: Also peculiar is the collegium’s express noting that Mr. Vasudevan had previously been recommended by two different high court collegia, which would mean that, in all, the chief justices of three high courts, at different points of time, found him worthy of selection.
6. Peculiar [pi-kyool-yer]
Adjective: strange; queer; odd; distinctive in nature or character from others; belonging characteristically (usually followed by to); belonging exclusively to some person, group, or thing; designating a star or galaxy with special properties that deviates from others of its spectral type or galaxy class.
Noun: a property or privilege belonging exclusively or characteristically to a person.
Synonyms: distinct, distinctive, idiosyncratic, particular, personal, special, specific, unique, appropriate, diacritic, diagnostic, endemic, exclusive, individual, intrinsic, local, private, proper, restricted, typical.
Antonyms: common, commonplace, general, indefinite.
7. Collegium [kuh-lee-jee-uh m]
Noun: a group of ruling officials each with equal rank and power, especially one that formerly administered a Soviet commissariat.
Example: The judiciary, after all, was regarded by the Constitution’s framers as central to the social revolution that the document was meant to herald.
8. Revolution [rev-uh-loo-shuh n]
Noun: an overthrow or repudiation and the thorough replacement of an established government or political system by the people governed.
Synonyms: coup, innovation, insurgency, mutiny, rebellion, revolt, shift, strike, transformation, turmoil, unrest, upheaval, uprising, violence, anarchy, bloodshed, cabal, crime, debacle, destruction, disorder, insubordination, metamorphosis, outbreak, overthrow, overturn, plot, reformation, reversal.
Antonyms: calm, harmony, peace, stagnation.
9. Herald [her-uh ld]
Noun: (formerly) a royal or official messenger, especially one representing a monarch in an ambassadorial capacity during wartime; a person or thing that precedes or comes before; forerunner; harbinger; a person or thing that proclaims or announces.
Synonyms: adviser, bearer, courier, crier, forerunner, harbinger, indication, outrider, precursor, prophet, reporter, runner, sign, signal, token.
Example: It saw the judiciary as critical to “upholding the equality that Indians had longed for during colonial days, but had not gained”.
10. Colonial [kuh-loh-nee-uh l]
Adjective: of, concerning, or pertaining to a colony or colonies; of, concerning, or pertaining to colonialism; colonialistic.
Synonyms: crude, dependent, dominion, emigrant, frontier, immigrant, pilgrim, pioneer, primitive, provincial, puritan, territorial, wild, early American, new, outland, prerevolutionary, transplanted, uncultured, unsettled.
Antonyms: gentle, modern, sophisticated.
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